https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12573/410 2026-05-08T13:44:29Z 2026-05-08T13:44:29Z Shuttleworth, Ian Toger, Marina Turk, Umut Osth, John https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12573/2523 2025-05-08T07:30:37Z 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z

Did Liberal Lockdown Policies Change Spatial Behaviour in Sweden? Mapping Daily Mobilities in Stockholm Using Mobile Phone Data During COVID-19 Shuttleworth, Ian; Toger, Marina; Turk, Umut; Osth, John Sweden had the most liberal lockdown policies in Europe during the Covid-19 pandemic. Relying on individual responsibility and behavioural nudges, their effectiveness was questioned from the perspective of others who responded with legal restrictions on behaviour. In this study, using mobile phone data, we therefore examine daily spatial mobilities in Stockholm to understand how they changed during the pandemic from their pre-pandemic baseline given this background. The analysis demonstrates: that mobilities did indeed change but with some variations according to (a) the residential social composition of places and (b) their locations within the city; that the changes were long lasting; and that the average fall in spatial mobility across the whole was not caused by everybody moving less but instead by more people joining the group of those who stayed close to home. It showed, furthermore, that there were seasonal differences in spatial behaviour as well as those associated with major religious or national festivals. The analysis indicates the value of mobile phone data for spatially fine-grained mobility research but also shows its weaknesses, namely the lack of personal information on important covariates such as age, gender, and education.

2024-01-01T00:00:00Z Turk, Umut Toger, Marina Osth, John Kourtit, Karima Nijkamp, Peter https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12573/2520 2025-05-07T11:31:06Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Rural Feet Voting of Leisure Explorers Turk, Umut; Toger, Marina; Osth, John; Kourtit, Karima; Nijkamp, Peter In the COVID-19 period, spatial leisure behavior, often driven by the desire to escape urban life, reflected health and environmental concerns. This study examines how pandemic-induced spatial motives and changes impacted disparities in leisure mobility, specifically urban-to-rural tourism, in Sweden. Analyzing pre-pandemic, during pandemic, and post-pandemic periods, using anonymized mobile phone and socioeconomic data, the paper explores urban-rural leisure mobility variations. Despite a decline in professional geographical mobility, mainly of people in affluent urban areas, due to remote work, the spatial leisure activities remained rather stable? Our findings, based on a negative binomial regression analysis, reveal also exacerbated socioeconomic segregation in recreational trips. The disruption in mobility accessibility due to COVID-19 appears to amplify existing socioeconomic disparities, notably in urban-to-rural leisure travel. Our research sheds new light on the widening gap in geographical leisure activities, emphasizing the need for equitable access to nonurban destinations.

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z Ehigiamusoe, Kizito Uyi Chen, Danqing Dogan, Eyup Binsaeed, Rima H. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12573/2517 2025-05-07T09:21:29Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Unravelling the moderating roles of environmental regulations on the impact of foreign direct investment on environmental sustainability Ehigiamusoe, Kizito Uyi; Chen, Danqing; Dogan, Eyup; Binsaeed, Rima H. In the era of economic globalization, China attracts significant foreign direct investment (FDI) to accelerate economic prosperity. FDI inflows could have ramifications on environmental degradation (ED) despite the enactment of different environmental regulations (ERs) such as market-incentive, command-and-control as well as informal regulations. Though some studies have shown that FDI and ED have significant relationship, the moderating roles of different ERs on the environmental impact of FDI has not been empirically unraveled. This study fills this research gap by analyzing the direct impact of FDI on ED (i.e., carbon dioxide emissions, ecological footprint) using the provincial panel data. Second, it unravels the moderating roles of different ERs on the environmental impact of FDI in the provinces and regions. The results indicate that FDI directly mitigates ED, verifying the pollution halo hypothesis while ERs directly alleviate ED in China. However, the interaction between FDI and ERs do not alleviate ED in China albeit regional heterogeneity exist. The economic implication is that FDI is not a channel through which ERs enhance environmental sustainability in China. This study recommends some policy options arising from the findings.

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z Erkuş,Sefa Demirtaş, Burak Kağan https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12573/2499 2025-04-15T08:08:05Z 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z

Deneysel İktisadın Tarihi Erkuş,Sefa; Demirtaş, Burak Kağan Bu çalışmanın temel amacı Türkçe yazında görece yeni olan deneysel iktisat alanına, iktisatta kontrollü deneylerin kullanımının tarihsel gelişimine ilişkin referans olabilecek şekilde katkı sunmaktır. Şüphesiz ki deneysel iktisat çalışacak araştırmacılar için deneysel iktisadın tarihsel gelişim sürecini öğrenmek oldukça önem arz etmektedir. İktisatta deneysel yöntemin tarihini öğrenmek araştırmacılara yöntemin geçmişte karşılaştığı sorunları analiz etme imkanı sunarken, yöntemin şimdi ve gelecekteki yönü hakkında yapılabilecek araştırmalar hakkında da ipuçları vermektedir. İktisatta kontrollü deneylerin kullanımına özellikle iktisatçılar uzun süre direnç göstermiş olsa da bugün iktisat alanında kontrollü deneylerin kullanıldığı çalışmaların sıklıkla yayınlandığı görülmektedir. Soğuk savaş döneminde oyun teorik modellerin deneyler yürütülerek sınanması deneysel yöntemin yaygınlaşması için ilk itici güç olmuştur. 80’li yıllardan itibaren insan davranışlarını açıklama çabası ile davranışsal iktisatçıların yürüttüğü deneyler, yöntemin iktisatçılar arasında yaygınlaşmasını sağlayan bir diğer önemli etken olmuştur. 2002 yılında Nobel İktisat Ödülü’nün piyasa mekanizmasını kontrollü laboratuvar deneyleri yürüterek araştırdığı ve deneysel iktisat yöntemine katkıda bulunduğu için Vernon L. Smith’e verilmesi, iktisatta deneysel yöntemin artık ana akım yöntemlerden biri haline geldiğinin de bir tescili olarak göz önünde bulundurulabilir. Deneysel iktisat tarihinin yazımına ilişkin bazı güçlükler bulunmaktadır. Bunlardan biri yöntemin disiplinler arası bir karakter taşıması iken diğeri de deneysel yöntemin erken dönemine ilişkin bilgilerin çoğunlukla kişisel anılara, hikayelere dayanmasıdır . Deneysel iktisadın tarihsel gelişimi incelendiğinde çoğunlukla bireysel tercihler, piyasaların işleyişi ve oyun teorik modellerin teorik öngörülerinin sınanmasına ilişkin deneylerin gerçekleştirildiği görülmektedir. Bu sebeple bu çalışmada da deneysel iktisadın tarihsel gelişimi bu üç ana başlık altında toplanmıştır. Bunlara ek olarak, deneysel iktisadın gelişimine etki eden önemli teorik gelişmelere ve kişilere de çalışmada ayrıca değinilmektedir.; The main purpose of this study is to contribute to the relatively new field of experimental economics in Turkish literature, serving as a reference for the historical development of the controlled experiments in economics. It is undeniably essential for researchers studying experimental economics to understand the historical progression of this method. By learning about the history of the experimental method in economics, researchers can analyze past challenges and gain insights into current and future research directions. Although economists resisted the use of controlled experiments in economics for a long time, it is observed today that studies employing controlled experiments are frequently published in the field of economics. The testing of game theoretical models through experiments during the Cold War period served as the initial driving force behind the widespread adoption of the experimental method. Additionally, the experiments conducted by behavioral economists since the 1980s to explain human behavior have further popularized this method among economists. The awarding of the Nobel Prize in Economics to Vernon L. Smith in 2002 for his research on the market mechanism through controlled laboratory experiments and his contributions to the field of experimental economics, can be considered as a recognition of the fact that experimental methods have now become one of the mainstream approaches in economics. There are certain difficulties related to the writing of the history of experimental economics. One of them is the interdisciplinary nature of the method, while the other is that information about the early period of experimental method mostly relies on personal recollections and stories. When examining the historical development of experimental economics, it is observed that experiments were primarily conducted to test individual preferences, market functioning, and the theoretical predictions of game-theoretic models. Therefore, in this study, the historical development is categorized under these three main subjects. Additionally, significant theoretical developments and individuals that influenced the historical development of experimental economics are also discussed.

2023-01-01T00:00:00Z