Effects of the circular economy, environmental policy, energy transition, and geopolitical risk on sustainable electricity generation

Abstract

The recent global paradigm shift toward sustainable green development necessitates revealing the likely green determinants of sustainable electricity generation in order to derive key policy recommendations for dealing with the global energy crisis. As a result, the current study focuses on the drivers of global electricity generation (EG) and identifies environmental policy (EP), energy transition (ET), geopolitical risk (GPR), and circular economy (CE) as novel determinants. The study employs a battery of advanced econometric techniques, including quantile VAR, quantile slope estimate, and wavelet-based correlation methods, for empirical analysis. The quantile VARbased connectedness confirms the modeled series’ significant interconnectedness. Furthermore, the findings suggest that CE plays an important role in promoting the global EG process, as evidenced by positive effects across quantiles. When the effects of ET and EP are considered, a positive relationship between ET, EP, and EG is discovered, implying that ET and EP are important drivers of electricity generation. Furthermore, GPR has significant and negative effects on EG across most quantiles, indicating that the EG process suffers a significant loss as a result of GPR. Furthermore, the wavelet-based correlation method confirms the significant association between selected series, supporting the preceding findings. In order to achieve sustainable electricity generation, several results-based policies are proposed for local and global authorities.